Our Lady's College is the traditional name of the school, having been in use since 1900. A second school - St Joseph's Primary School came into existence in Longreach in 1925. Our Lady's College continued as a secondary school and in 1935 become the first secondary school to be registered in Central Western Queensland.
Our Lady's College commenced functioning as a Year 1 – 10 school on the present site in January 1986. The Secondary Department closed at the end of 1994, so that today, Our Lady's is a P - 6 school only. The Preschool commenced in 1992.
The Feast of the Presentation of Our Lady has been celebrated as the school's Feast Day and is a reminder of the contribution made by the Presentation Sisters since 1900.
In 2002, Our Lady's College changed its name to Our Lady's Catholic Primary School.